Essential Things to Know When Traveling to Turkey

Turkey is a country of incredible diversity, rich history, stunning landscapes, and vibrant culture. Whether you're visiting the bustling streets of Istanbul, relaxing on the Mediterranean coast, or exploring ancient ruins, Turkey offers unforgettable experiences. To ensure your trip goes smoothly and you make the most of your time there, here are some essential things to know before traveling to Turkey.

1. The Language: Turkish is the Official Language

While Turkish is the official language, you'll find that many people in tourist areas, especially in major cities like Istanbul, can communicate in English. However, it’s always helpful to know a few basic Turkish phrases such as "Merhaba" (Hello), "Teşekkür ederim" (Thank you), and "Evet" (Yes) to make interactions more enjoyable.

2. Currency: The Turkish Lira (TRY)

The official currency of Turkey is the Turkish Lira (TRY). Credit cards are widely accepted in tourist areas, but it’s a good idea to carry some cash for small purchases or in more remote areas. You can exchange money at airports, hotels, or local exchange offices. ATMs are also plentiful in cities.

3. Visa Requirements: Check Before You Go

Most travelers to Turkey need a visa, but the process is simple and can often be done online. You can apply for an e-Visa through Turkey's official visa website, making the process quick and convenient. Make sure to check the latest visa requirements based on your nationality before your trip.

4. Dress Modestly in Religious Sites

Turkey is a country with diverse traditions, and while many areas are modern and cosmopolitan, it’s important to dress modestly when visiting mosques and religious sites. Women should cover their shoulders and wear skirts or pants that go below the knee. Headscarves are often provided at mosques, but it’s a good idea to bring your own for convenience.

5. Public Transportation: Easy and Affordable

Getting around Turkey is relatively easy, with a wide range of transportation options. Major cities like Istanbul have efficient public transportation systems, including buses, trams, and metro lines. Dolmuş (shared taxis) are also a common way to travel within cities. For long-distance travel, buses, trains, and flights are affordable and efficient.

6. Tipping Etiquette: How Much to Tip

Tipping is customary in Turkey, especially in restaurants, hotels, and taxis. While a tip is not mandatory, it’s appreciated. In restaurants, a tip of around 10-15% of the bill is typical, though it’s not always included in the final price. For taxi drivers, rounding up the fare is a common practice.

7. Cultural Etiquette: Respecting Local Traditions

Turkish people are known for their hospitality, and you’ll often be offered tea or coffee when visiting a shop or a friend’s home. It’s polite to accept the offer as a sign of respect. Additionally, when greeting someone, a handshake is common, and personal space is respected. However, in more rural areas, be aware that local customs may vary.

8. Weather: Know What to Expect

Turkey’s climate varies significantly depending on the region and the time of year. Coastal areas, like those along the Aegean and Mediterranean seas, have a Mediterranean climate with hot, dry summers and mild winters. In contrast, central Turkey (including cities like Ankara and Cappadocia) experiences more continental weather with cold winters and hot summers. Always check the weather forecast for the area you’re visiting and pack accordingly.

9. Tap Water and Food Safety

In most tourist areas, tap water is safe to drink, but many visitors prefer bottled water due to taste preferences. Street food is widely enjoyed in Turkey, and while it's delicious, always choose vendors with good hygiene practices to avoid stomach issues. Fresh fruit and vegetables are commonly used, and Turkish food is generally safe for travelers.

10. Time Zone: GMT+3

Turkey operates in the Turkey Time Zone (GMT+3), which is the same time zone as Istanbul, Ankara, and most major cities. Keep this in mind when planning your itinerary and adjusting to the local time.

11. Must-Try Experiences in Turkey

  • Turkish Bath (Hammam): A traditional Turkish bath is an essential experience. It’s not just about relaxation, but also about immersing yourself in Turkish culture.
  • Turkish Cuisine: Enjoy iconic dishes like kebabs, baklava, and fresh seafood, which reflect the rich history of Turkish culinary traditions.
  • Visit Historical Sites: Don’t miss the ancient ruins of Ephesus, the stunning rock formations in Cappadocia, and the otherworldly Pamukkale.

12. Safety Tips: Stay Alert

Turkey is generally a safe country for tourists, but it’s always wise to exercise caution in crowded places like markets, public transportation, and tourist hotspots. Keep your belongings secure and be aware of your surroundings, particularly in busy areas.

13. Electricity: 220V and European Plugs

Turkey uses the 220V electrical system and Type C, F plugs (two round prongs). If you're traveling from a country with a different plug type, make sure to bring an adapter for your electronic devices.